Journal of Aviation Science and Technology (ISSN: 2815-5661)
Aims and Scope JAST publishes peer-reviewed and original researched in an open access format. The journal evaluates the research methods of each article for validity and accepts articles on the basis of the research. JAST’s articles are professionally edited to ensure international quality. Journal Subjects The scope of the JAST includes, but not limited to, the following topics: Strategic issues Logistics and air cargo Operations and Management Intermodal transport Environmental issues Air transport policty and regulation Aviation law Macroeconomic issues Network planning, slot allocation, scheduling Air traffic control Airport planning and management Aerospace engineering Aviation science and technology Business administration
The Impact Of Trust In AI On Inspiration And Intention To Use AI In Teaching Among University Lecturers
This study investigates the relationship between trust in AI, inspiration, and faculty intention to use AI in teaching, integrating the technology acceptance model (TAM) and cognitive emotion theory (CET). Using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), data from 332 university lecturers in Ho Chi Minh City were analyzed. The results reveal that trust in AI outcomes (β = 0.441) and inspiration (β = 0.412) significantly and positively influence intention to use AI in teaching. Notably, inspiration mediates the relationship between trust and intention (indirect effect β = 0.213), highlighting its critical role in translating trust into actionable intentions. The proposed model explains 59.5% of the variance in AI usage intention, confirming its robustness. Additionally, trust in AI outcomes strongly predicts inspiration (β = 0.517), emphasizing the importance of fostering both trust and emotional engagement to enhance AI adoption in higher education. Based on these findings, the study suggests practical strategies, including developing an “AI Trust Ecosystem,” launching an “AI Inspiration Movement,” and implementing an “AI-Integration Roadmap”. These strategies aim to build trust, inspire faculty, and ensure effective AI integration in teaching practices. The study contributes to expanding TAM by incorporating emotional factors from CET, offering a novel perspective on technology acceptance in education.
AI, Higher education, Teaching innovation, Inspiration, Trust in AI
Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Aviation Science and Technology (ISSN: 2815-5661)
Linking E-Leadership To Digital Adoption In Smes: The Role Of Digital Orientation And Fear Of Failure
In the context of increasing digital transformation, this study investigates the influence of e-leadership on digital technology adoption by examining the mediating role of digital orientation and the moderating effect of fear of failure. Drawing on the Technology–Organization–Environment (TOE) framework and Diffusion of Innovation (DOI) theory, a research model was developed and tested using data collected from 284 employees working in Vietnamese small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was employed to assess the hypothesized relationships. The results indicate that e-leadership positively influences digital technology adoption, both directly and indirectly through digital orientation. Moreover, fear of failure was found to negatively moderate the relationship between e-leadership and technology adoption, but not the relationship between digital orientation and technology adoption. These findings highlight the critical role of digital leadership and individual digital commitment in facilitating adoption, while also emphasizing the need to address psychological barriers. The study offers theoretical contributions by integrating the TOE and DOI frameworks and provides practical insights for organizations navigating digital transformation.
Technology–Organization–Environment (TOE) framework, Diffusion of Innovation (DOI) theory, E-leadership, Digital orientation, Fear of failure, Digital technology adoption
Smart, Pleasurable, And Influential: Exploring Determinants Of Gen Z’s Willingness To Use Airport Service Robots
The rapid integration of service robots in transportation hubs such as airports has transformed how passengers interact with service technologies. As early adopters, Generation Z plays a crucial role in shaping the future of robot-assisted services. This study explores the factors influencing Gen Z passengers’ willingness to use airport service robots through the lens of the Cognitive-Affective-Normative framework. Specifically, the study examines the roles of perceived smartness (cognitive), hedonic value (affective), and social influence (normative) in shaping users’ willingness to use airport service robots . Using a hybrid approach combining Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling and Necessary Condition Analysis, the findings confirm the significance of all three dimensions. Importantly, perceived smartness of service robots and hedonic value emerge as both sufficient and necessary conditions. The study extends the Cognitive-Affective-Normative framework to the airport context and offers practical implications for enhancing service robot design and engagement strategies tailored to Gen Z users
Airport service robots, Gen Z, Cognitive-Affective-Normative model, Smartness of service robots, Necessary condition analysis
Infrastructure For Safe Distance Management On Expressways: Lessons From France For Vietnam
Maintaining a safe distance is a key factor in preventing accidents on expressways. In practice, drivers estimate this distance based on experience, assistance from in-vehicle devices, or support from expressway infrastructure. However, the technical infrastructure on Vietnam’s expressways currently remains limited and lacks continuity in supporting safe distance determination. This study evaluates the current state of technical infrastructure supporting safe distance identification on Vietnamese expressways and compares it with the well-developed system in France. The research collects and analyzes domestic and international regulations, technical requirements, and practical implementations. Results show that infrastructures such as lane markings and signs in Vietnam are installed sporadically, without continuous coverage along the expressway, and are mostly absent in tunnels. In contrast, France systematically integrates safe distance support throughout the entire route, using elements like lane markings and blue lights or chevrons, including inside tunnels. Based on these comparisons, the study proposes improvements for Vietnam by integrating safe distance support into existing infrastructures, such as emergency lane markings, and adding visual signals in tunnels. These improvements should be standardized in regulations and circulars and incorporated into driver training programs to enhance implementation effectiveness and reduce accidents related to safe distance issues.
Safe distance, Expressway, Regulation, Vietnam, France
A Simulation Of Piston Engines Aircraft Based On Wiebe And Woschni Models
This paper presents a combustion simulation for an aircraft piston engine. The aim of this research is to develop a combustion model using accessible and feasible computational tools, ensuring both high accuracy and practicality as a foundation for more advanced studies. The developed model is a zero-dimensional (0-D) and mean-value engine model (MVEM) for a single cylinder, fundamentally based on the first law of thermodynamics. It is meticulously programmed using Matlab, allowing for a detailed description of the intricate relationships among various internal engine characteristics, including cylinder performance parameters, heat release, heat loss, in-cylinder pressure, and an initial estimation of exhaust gas emissions were conducted for the engine operation. Specifically, the heat release process is modeled using the well-established Wiebe function, while heat loss is calculated using the Woschni model, which accounts for the instantaneous heat transfer coefficient. The Runge-Kutta algorithm is employed to solve the differential equations governing the engine's thermodynamic cycles. The research seeks to overcome the inherent limitations of traditional, costly, and time-consuming trial-and-error experimental approaches by leveraging advancements in computational speed and simulation capabilities.
Aircraft piston engine, Heat release, Heat loss, Emissions, Brake power
Training UGV For Optimal Path Planning Using Reinforcement Learning
In the current era of artificial intelligence technology, unmanned ground vehicles (UGV) are increasingly being widely used in various fields due to the application of advanced technologies such as computer vision and reinforcement learning (RL). These technologies contribute to enhancing the level of automation, environmental awareness, and real-time flexible decision-making capabilities of UGVs. In this paper, we will apply RL with a decaying exploration rate strategy to train UGVs for path planning, obstacle avoidance, and optimal route discovery. Specifically, in the early stages of training, the exploration rate is set to a maximum value so that the agent can explore and collect more information of the state space; as the training time progresses, the exploration rate is gradually reduced, corresponding to a greater focus on the exploitation to find the optimal. Simulation results show that our proposal achieves faster convergence than RL in benchmark, demonstrating the effectiveness of this algorithm for real-world UGV applications.
Reinforcement learning (RL), Unmanned ground vehicle (UGV)
How Airport Technology Enhances Tourist Experiences And Influences Word-Of-Mouth: A Study Of Tan Son Nhat International Airport
This study examines how airport technologies, specifically smart tourism tools, enhance tourist experiences and influence their intentions to engage in word-of-mouth (WOM) communication. Focusing on Tan Son Nhat International Airport, we surveyed 423 travelers who used integrated smart tools during their journey. Our findings show that airport technologies significantly improve traveler satisfaction and increase the likelihood of positive WOM. These technologies help airports transform from mere transit points into attractions, offering a competitive advantage and supporting the sustainable growth of the aviation sector. Despite slower adoption in developing countries like Vietnam, our research highlights the importance of modern technological solutions in improving customer experiences. Using the stimulus-organism-response (S-O-R) framework, we show that self-service and support technologies at Tan Son Nhat Airport boost traveler confidence and enjoyment, encouraging positive WOM
Stimulus-Organism-Response theory, Tourist experience, Technology-driven tourism experiences, Tan Son Nhat International Airport, Word-of-mouth
Supervisor Incivility and Employees’ Customer-Directed Extra-Role Performance Among Airport Check-In Staff: The Mediating Role of Job Insecurity
Despite the growing body of research on workplace incivility, the specific relationship between supervisor incivility (SI) and employees’ customer-directed extra-role performance—as well as the underlying mechanisms—remains relatively underexplored. Drawing on the Transactional Model of Stress and Conservation of Resources (COR) theory, this study posits that job insecurity serves as a key cognitive mediator linking supervisor incivility to employees’ customer-directed extra-role performance. Empirical data were collected from airport check-in staff to test the proposed model. The findings reveal that SI has a significant negative impact on employees’ customer-directed extra-role performance. These results advance the workplace incivility literature by identifying a cognitive mechanism through which incivility undermines service behavior, and they offer practical implications for organizations aiming to enhance employee well-being and service quality
Supervisor incivility, job insecurity, extra-role job performance
Servant Leadership And Frontline Employee Job Performance In Vietnam’s Aviation Industry: The Mediating Roles Of Organizational Commitment And Trust In Leadership
This study investigates the influence of servant leadership on the job performance of frontline employees within Vietnam’s aviation industry, with a particular focus on the mediating roles of organizational commitment and trust in leadership. Data were collected through self-administered questionnaires from a convenience sample of 389 frontline employees employed at Vietnam Airlines. The study employed a quantitative research design and utilized structural equation modeling (SEM) using AMOS software to analyze the data. The analysis confirmed a significant positive relationship between servant leadership and job performance. Furthermore, the results indicate that organizational commitment and trust in leadership serve as significant mediators, suggesting that servant leadership enhances frontline employee job performance by cultivating trust in leadership and reinforcing organizational commitment.
Aviation industry, Frontline employees, Job performance, Organizational commitment, Servant leadership, Trust in leadership
The Impact Of Work-Related Stress Factors On Mental Health And Service Sabotage Behavior Of Vietnam Airlines Flight Attendants
Stress is a common problem that people in today's society deal with in both their personal and professional lives. Ineffective stress management can have a detrimental influence on one's mental well-being and productivity at work. This study is to investigate the impact of work-related stress on flight attendants' mental health and service sabotage behavior, drawing on Hobfoll's (2001) Conservation of Resources (COR) theory. 107 Vietnam Airlines flight attendants participated in the study's survey. The measurement model and structural model were evaluated using SPSS 24 and Smart PLS 4.0.9.5 software. The results of the study show that psychological contract violations and organizational silence are linked to Vietnam Airlines flight attendants' worsening mental health and rise in service sabotage conduct.
Work-related stress, organizational silence, mental health deterioration, service sabotage behavior, flight attendants, Vietnam Airlines
Difference Between Two Minima Normalized Min-Sum Algorithm For The LDPC Decoder
This study proposes the Difference Between Two Minima Normalized Min-Sum (DMNMS) algorithm for layered scheduling, which is suggested for implementing 5G New Radio Low-Density Parity-Check codes. The proposed algorithm aims to reduce memory space and enhance error correction performance. By applying modified factors to both variable nodes and check nodes processing, the DMNMS method goals to strengthen the protection ability for degree-1 variable nodes and compensate for the overestimation of extrinsic messages in Min-Sum-based algorithms. The suggested technique also used the difference between the first two minimum values and the first minimum among the input information, rather than compressing the check to variable messages to deliver the first two minima. Simulation data indicated that the proposed DMNMS algorithm performs better than the Normalized Min-Sum method, achieving up to 0.07 dB of decoding gain at a Bit Error Rate of 10⁻⁶ while using less memory.
5G, Check node processing, Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC), Min-Sum, Normalized Min-Sum (NMS)
Integrating AI And Data Analytics In Assessing The Learning Effectiveness Of A PLC Training Model
With the rapid advancement of industrial automation, Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) have become essential components in modern manufacturing systems. To enhance practical training in PLC programming, a hands–on experimental model based on the Mitsubishi FX5U PLC was developed. This study evaluates the effectiveness of the training model through student feedback collected via structured survey questions, incorporating both quantitative and qualitative measures. A Likert–scale rating system was utilized to assess key aspects such as conceptual understanding, programming proficiency, and practical applicability. Additionally, qualitative responses were analyzed using AI–driven sentiment analysis and data analytics techniques, including lexicon–based (VADER) and transformer–based (BERT) models. Word Cloud visualizations were employed to extract key insights from open–ended responses. The study offers a detailed evaluation of the PLC training model, identifying both its effective components and aspects requiring enhancement. By leveraging AI–driven evaluation techniques, the research demonstrates how data–informed insights can enhance instructional quality and inform future improvements in technical education.
Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs), Mitsubishi FX5U, Hands–on training, Student feedback, Likert–scale, AI–driven sentiment analysis, VADER, BERT, Technical education
Compute The Edge P-Laplacian Centrality For Air Traffic Network
The problem that we would like to solve in this paper is to compute the edge p-Laplacian centrality for the air traffic network. In this problem, instead of computing the edge p-Laplacian centrality directly which is the very hard problem, we convert the air traffic network to the line graph. Finally, we will compute the node p-Laplacian centrality of the line graph which is equivalent to the edge p-Laplacian of the air traffic network. In this paper, the novel un-normalized graph (p-) Laplacian based ranking method will be developed based on the un-normalized graph p-Laplacian operator definitions such as the curvature operator of graph (i.e. the un-normalized graph 1-Laplacian operator) and will be used to compute the node p-Laplacian centrality of the line graph. The results from the experiments show that the un-normalized graph p-Laplacian ranking methods can be implemented successfully.
node p-Laplacian centrality, edge p-Laplacian centrality, ranking, PageRan, air traffic network, line graph
Drivers of Digital Maturity in Emerging Markets: How Leadership and Innovation Shape SME Transformation
This study investigates how transformational leadership influences digital transformation (DT) in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), with innovation acting as a mediating capability. Drawing on the Resource-Based View and Dynamic Capabilities Theory, we test a process-based model using survey data from 300 Vietnamese SMEs. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) confirms that leadership significantly predicts innovation (β = 0.582, p < .001), which in turn mediates its effect on digital maturity (indirect β = 0.244, p < .001). Complementary machine learning models (XGBoost R² = 0.772; RMSE = 0.597) identify innovation and leadership as the most influential predictors. These findings contribute theoretically by integrating RBV and DCT through a validated mediation mechanism and empirically by demonstrating the dual value of explanatory and predictive analytics. Practical implications call for SME leaders to foster innovation ecosystems and for policymakers to support leadership development as a strategic DT lever in emerging markets.
Digital Transformation, Innovation, Leadership, SMEs
Effectiveness from applying the A-CDM model at Tan Son Nhat International Airport
This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the pilot application of the ACDM model at Tan Son Nhat International Airport, Vietnam. The A-CDM model has been approved by Vietnam Airlines Corporation for pilot implementation at Tan Son Nhat Airport. Statistical data has been used for evaluation and analysis. The results show that the rate of on-time flights has increased, avoiding congestion and long waiting times for aircraft, optimizing the airport infrastructure, and saving fuel. The study also points out some limitations and suggests future research directions.
A-CDM model, Multi-Stakeholder collaboration, Airport, Operations
Re-Establishment Of Design Formula For Post-Buckling Shear Strength Of Practical Plate Girder
A plate web subjected to shear load is well-known for its capability to develop remarkable post-buckling shear strength when two pairs of boundary conditions of the web panel are provided sufficiently. So far, there are some theories and numerous idealizations to explain this behaviour. Still, all of the existing web post-buckling theories need to be revised, and thus, the elusive phenomena during the post-buckling stage remain a great challenge to researchers. By the finite element analysis results combined with the existing experimental shear tests, the previous paper (Mai TH et al, 2017) not only shed light on the weaknesses in the existing theories but also revealed new findings concerning the sources of the web post-buckling reserve. The current paper continuously conducted intensive investigations of the web post-buckling behaviour in the plate I-girders under shear load by a set of models, and the behaviour of intermediate transverse stiffeners was studied simultaneously. Consequently, the current results revealed that the boundary condition behaviour at the junction between transverse stiffeners and web panels depended primarily on the size of web panels (a/D). Next, a new design formula for ultimate shear strength in practical girders was proposed based on the observed results from the set of models. Finally, its accuracy was verified by 48 existing test specimens that possessed slight and moderate flanges.
Web buckling, ultimate shear strength, intermediate transverse stiffener, shear post-buckling strength
Research On Applying Mplab Device Block For Simulink In Teaching Digital Control Systems
A low-cost rapid-prototyping system utilizing dsPIC microcontrollers, based on the MPLAB Device Blocks for Simulink development software, is introduced in this paper. This system provides an efficient and practical educational platform for students and researchers to understand and implement digital control systems in real time. By integrating Simulink with dsPIC, the system enables users to design, simulate, and deploy control algorithms without requiring extensive knowledge of embedded programming, thus bridging the gap between theoretical learning and practical implementation. The development software utilizes a graphical interface with block diagrams, allowing users to create control models easily. The real-time workshop (RTW) within Simulink generates optimized C code from these models, which is then automatically compiled, assembled, and downloaded onto the dsPIC microcontroller. This automation simplifies the entire process, eliminating the need for manual coding and debugging. The ability to implement real-time algorithms directly onto a hardware platform enhances the hands-on learning experience for students at both undergraduate and postgraduate levels. Clearly, this programming method is very useful for controllers of modern transportation vehicles such as drones and UAVs. Moreover, the system is cost-effective, making it accessible to educational institutions and small research labs. It supports a wide range of applications, including motor control, signal processing, and robotics, making it an invaluable tool for teaching and experimenting.
Rapid Prototyping, Fast Prototyping, Graphical Programming, Digital Control System, Real-time Control
Enhancing Ramp Safety at Tan Son Nhat Airport Through Virtual Reality-Based Training
Purpose – This research explores the use of Virtual Reality (VR) technology as a sustainable and effective alternative to traditional ramp safety training methods in aviation. Research methodology – The study is conceptual in nature and based on an analytical review of current practices, emerging VR technologies, and their applications in aviation safety training. It evaluates the benefits and implications of VR through scenario-based simulations and case insights. Findings – VR allows aviation personnel to engage in realistic ramp safety simulations without exposure to actual hazards. It enhances training quality by enabling immersive and repeatable practice in high-risk scenarios. VR-based methods reduce the need for physical presence on the apron, thereby minimizing environmental impact and operational disruptions. The training process becomes more time-efficient and resource-conscious. Research limitations – As a conceptual study, this paper does not include empirical data from field trials or quantitative performance metrics. Further research is required to validate VR effectiveness through real-world implementation and user feedback. Practical implications – Implementing VR in ramp safety training can: • Improve safety outcomes for ground personnel. • Decrease training costs and time. • Support environmental sustainability by reducing apron access needs. • Align with industry trends toward digitalization and eco-friendly operations
Ramp safety, Virtual reality, Immersive environment, Aviation training, Tan Son Nhat Airport
The Influence Of Tiktok And Instagram Influencers On Gen Z Purchasing Behavior In Vietnam
This study investigates the impact of TikTok and Instagram influencers on the purchasing behavior of Generation Z (Gen Z) consumers in Vietnam, focusing on key influencer attributes: credibility, authenticity, entertainment value, and relatability. Distinguishing between micro- and macro-influencers, the research examines how these influencer types differently affect Gen Z’s purchasing intentions. Micro-influencers, with their smaller, highly engaged followings, are shown to foster stronger trust and relatability, whereas macro-influencers reach wider audiences but may lack the same depth of engagement. Using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), the findings reveal that all four influencer attributes significantly drive Gen Z’s purchasing intentions, with entertainment value emerging as the most influential factor. A purposive sampling method focusing on respondents born between 1997 and 2012 ensures the study’s relevance to Gen Z’s digital consumption patterns. These results provide practical insights for brands aiming to connect with Gen Z consumers through targeted influencer marketing strategies, emphasizing the need for authentic and engaging content on platforms frequented by this demographic
Gen Z, Influencer marketing, PLS-SEM, purchasing behavior, social media
Factors Affecting The Knowledge Sharing Behavior Of Employees: A Case Of Import And Export Companies
Knowledge sharing is an extremely important factor for organizations and businesses, where knowledge is considered an intangible asset. Using a survey sample of employees from import-export companies in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, this research investigated how these factors affect employees’ willingness to share knowledge in their daily work interactions. The results reveal that an innovative climate, perceived reciprocal benefits, and information technology have significant positive effects on knowledge-sharing behavior, while personality-based trust was not found to significantly influence knowledge sharing. These findings underscore the importance of fostering an environment that encourages innovation, mutual benefit, and effective use of technology to promote collaborative knowledge sharing. This study offers valuable contributions to both theory and practice by bridging the knowledge gap in the import-export sector and highlighting actionable strategies for enhancing knowledge-sharing behavior among employees
Innovative climate, Information technology, Knowledge sharing, Perceived reciprocal benefits, Trust
The Environmental Performance In Aviation Industry- The Moderated Mediation Model Of Ethical Leadership
Purpose – This research creates a research model that emphasizes the moderating influence of ethical leadership (ELS) and the link between green training (ET) and employee environmental performance (EP) via green work engagement (GWE) in the aviation industry. Research methodology – We used a time-lagged research design for our study. Data were gathered from 253 respondents working for aviation companies in Vietnam and analyzed by SmartPLS 4.0. Findings – The findings show that ET has a beneficial effect on EP through GWE. Based on social exchange theory (SET), we discovered that ET increased EP, and that this favorable relationship was mediated via GWE. Research limitations – The future studies should widen to other developing countries and other services. Practical implications – We advised that green aviation companies provide ET to employees in order for them to obtain green knowledge and skills in order to alleviate environmental difficulties.
Environmental performance, aviation industry, Vietnam
Comparative review of Vietnamese standards and guidelines for aerodrome maintenance with ICAO documents
Maintenance of a civil aerodrome is an extremely crucial aspect in managing and operating airport activities, ensuring the safety, flow, and efficiency of flights. Airport managers must strictly adhere to national standards, guidelines, or documents established by civil aviation authorities. This article provides a comparative review of Vietnamese standards and guidelines for aerodrome maintenance with ICAO documents for a comprehensive understanding of status of this documentation system and a proposal of its adjustment. Methods of document collection and analysis were employed to synthesize information and make assessments. The results indicate that the current documentation system is still incomplete in terms of both form and content. Adjusting, supplementing, and converting standards to make them more complete and widely applicable is necessary and urgent
Aerodrome, Pavement, Standard, Guideline, Maintenance
Application Of Graph Neural Networks In Optimizing Flight Time For The Ho Chi Minh - Hanoi Route
The aviation market worldwide, and in Vietnam in particular, is recovering and developing strongly after the COVID-19 pandemic. To find solutions to reduce air traffic on current ATS routes and discover new, more optimal routes to shorten flight times for aircraft flying from Ho Chi Minh to Hanoi, an optimization model has been built by applying the Graph Neural Network (GNN) model. The research team applied the Graph Neural Network (GNN) model to a specific case that could impact current ATS routes when the PLK (Pleiku) waypoint is unavailable, which may affect the current ATS route. We selected key influencing factors and calculated the shortest and most optimal new route. The application of the GNN model to solutions in the aviation industry is expected to experience significant growth and become more practical in the future, contributing to improving efficiency and operation capacity in the aviation industry
GNN model, Flight time optimization, ATS rout, Ho Chi Minh- Hanoi route, Flight time calculation
Frontline Employee Service Recovery Performance in Aviation Sector: The roles of Transformational Leadership, Workplace Spirituality, and Resilience
Detection of service failures is prevalent in various service sectors, including the aviation industry. Given the crucial role of frontline employees in addressing customer complaints, this study seeks to investigate the effective engagement of frontline employees in service recovery performance and the factors influencing it. The study gathered data from 371 employees in the aviation sector. The findings indicated a positive correlation between transformational leadership and service recovery performance. Additionally, employee resilience was identified as a mediator in the relationship between transformational leadership and service recovery performance. However, no evidence was found to support the notion that workplace spirituality acts as a mediator in this relationship. The paper concludes with discussions on both theoretical and practical implications of the study's results.
Transformational leadership, workplace spirituality, employee’s resilience, aviation, Vietnam
Keyword and Backlink Utilization in Search Engine Optimization of Pilot Training Centers in Vietnam
Linguistic disparities pose challenges to researching keywords and backlinks in website SEO campaigns across a vast global scope. Website administrators must align with the language and popularity of reference websites in constructing SEO strategies tailored to each language profile. This article dissects the employment patterns of backlinks and keywords on websites of pilot training centers in Vietnam. Drawing upon Keyword Effectiveness Index (KEI) results and statistical analysis of keyword frequencies, ratios, source attributes, and backlink quality, it appears that local businesses may outperform globally-oriented service providers in website SEO campaigns. Moreover, the study provides a compilation of recommended keywords and backlinks that may potentially contribute to the augmentation of website Search Engine Optimization (SEO) for pilot training institutions in Vietnam. This is particularly unique in Vietnam as the search behavior of Vietnamese individuals typically employs the Vietnamese language for keyword searches, and all efforts to utilize the widely spoken English language do not yield the desired outcomes.
Keyword, Backlink, Search engine optimization, Pilot training
Factors Affecting Customers' Behavior in Using Website Check-In Services for Domestic Flights in Vietnam
Previous research studies on self-service technologies in the context of airport services have been limited, especially in Vietnam. In addition, most of the studies have mainly focused on a particular type of self-service technologies, for example, self-check-in at airport kiosks. This study extends the research topic on adopting technologies in the aviation industry by examining factors that affect passengers' behavioral intention towards self-service technology, particularly online check-in service on websites. Through a sample of 303 passengers having used online check-in service for domestic flights on airlines' websites, the partial least square structural equation model technique was used to analyze the data. The findings reveal that the more passengers perceived the ease of use and usefulness of online check-in service before flights, the more they tended to use it, which in turn affected their actual usage. Similarly, a person has a high level of subjective norms, when individuals' close relatives use online check-in services, their behavioral intention and actual usage will be further influenced. Furthermore, the more a person perceived the ease of use of an online check-in service, the more they perceived its usefulness. Implications for theory, practice, and future research are discussed
Self-service technology, Technology Acceptance Model, check-in services, self-check-ins online
An Empirical Analysis on Factors Affecting Passenger Satisfaction of Korean Air
This study aims to analyze and evaluate the factors affecting passengers’ satisfaction in the airline industry. A survey was directly distributed to 367 individuals who had previously traveled with Korean Air, aiming to examine the connections among crucial elements of airline service, perceived service quality, and customer trust, with passengers' satisfaction serving as a mediating factor. By applying PLS-SEM, the results indicated the passengers’ satisfaction was governed by brand image, trust, in-flight service, and perceived service quality, but unaffected by price and safety. During the mediation analysis, it was found that in-flight service does not have a mediating impact on the relationship between customer trust and passengers' satisfaction. Recommendations will be formulated to assist Korean Air in appropriately refining its service performance and meeting the needs of its passengers
Korean Air, Customer satisfaction, Trust, In-flight service
Bandwidth Enhancement of a Tri-Band Slotted Microstrip Patch Antenna
A tri-band microstrip patch antenna, designed for 5G applications, has been developed in this work. The antenna, with dimensions of 6 × 4 × 0.508 mm3, was simulated using CST Microwave Studio 2019. The proposed design used a rectangular patch with a dielectric constant of 2.2 and a dielectric loss tangent of 0.001. The antenna dimensions were optimized using the Design of Experiments (DOE) method. Slotting the patch achieved a minimum return loss of up to -25 dB for each band, with the largest bandwidth of 2.78 GHz. Additionally, the influence of the antenna cutting slot on antenna properties is analyzed to show the trade-off between slot width and reflection coefficient (S11) parameter value.
Design of Experiments (DOE), Patch antenna, Tri-band, CST Microwave Studio
Impact of E-Wom Adoption on Online Customers’ Behavior through Customers’ Positive Attitude towards Online Travel Agencies
Online consumer reviews provide a large amount of information for consumers to evaluate services before making a purchase. This study investigated the effect of electronic Word of Mouth (e-WOM) on online travel agencies (OTA), online accommodation booking behavior and the mediating role of customers’ attitudes to OTA in predicting customer booking behavior. The survey data of 412 customers, who booked their accommodation on online travel agencies, is analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results show that e-WOM adoption has a positive influence on booking behavior, and customer attitude toward OTA has a mediating role in the relationship between e-WOM adoption and booking behavior. These results thereby emphasize the role of the OTA channel in online marketing services.
e-WOM adoption, customer attitude, online booking behavior, OTA
Developing a Sustainable Competitiveness Model in The Spa Tourism Sector: An Empirical Study of Vietnam Destinations
Sustainable competitiveness has generated tourism researchers’ interest in the spa tourism sector. There is, however, a lack of preceding studies identifying and revising significant determinants and attributes into competitiveness models of spa tourism enterprises. This research will fill this gap by developing a more comprehensive sustainable competitiveness model using Vietnam as an empirical study, considering resilience and innovation. A mixed-method approach is applied to test the conceptual model and establish the sustainable competitiveness model. The research will theoretically contribute to developing a holistic, sustainable spa tourism competitiveness model, including resilience and innovation factors. The empirical results will enable a better understanding of the impacts of resilience, innovation, and other attractive factors on enterprises’ competitiveness in the spa tourism context. These will help spa-center management to develop effective policies and strategies.
Spa tourism, Sustainable Competitiveness, Resilience, Innovation